Summary: From the end of the 17th century to the beginning of the 20th century, the Old Belief moved to Bulgaria in three periods from the western border of Russia and the Don valley. From the beginning of the 19th century to the 1930s, the Old Belief moved from the Altai Mountains in Siberia to Northwestern China in two periods and from Transbaikalia and the south of the Far East to Northeastern China in three periods. The Old Believers were still active and participated in the modernization of Bulgaria and China in the fields of economy, politics, ethnicity, religion and culture. The article compares and studies the process of modernization of the Old Belief in the two countries, and also summarizes two kinds of experience of Bulgaria and China in their modernization construction. Firstly, the policy of modernization should be based on objective reality, the wishes of ordinary workers should be respected and their subjective initiative can be fully motivated. Secondly, the relevant departments can focus on the coordinated development of all sectors of society, and strive to upgrade the society as a whole to a state of modern development. The article makes a suggestion for the study of the modernization theory. Modernization is a historical process of following the past and heralding the future, while basing itself on reality and looking to the future. It should also review the past appropriately and look for positive factors that can promote the healthy development of human society.
Keywords: Old Belief, Bulgaria, China, comparison, modernization
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