Summary: Since 1989, in the discourse on the transition in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the descriptions “regulated”, “negotiated”, “controlled” change or revolution have been used. In general, there is agreement in research on the issue regarding the contractual nature of change.
The article examines in parallel the problems in the economic development of Poland and Bulgaria in the 1980s, the positions of these countries in an international aspect (especially the attitude towards them on the part of the West and the Soviet Union), the degree of preparedness and the approach of the negotiating sides – authorities and opposition, and the results of the change thus regulated.
Keywords: transition, Central and Eastern European countries, Poland, Bulgaria
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